Hi Hans-Juergen,
This is exactly what we do with Multi-Level Healthcare Information Modelling
(MLHIM).
We have a generic reference model in XML Schema 1.1 and then develop concept models as constraints against the reference model. The concept models are called Concept Constraint Definitions (CCDs). Since each reference model can exist forever, each CCD also offers the permanence required for longitudinal healthcare applications. Since the models offer syntactic and semantic constraints outside of the application code and database structure, they can be shared for interoperability.
You can find out more from:
and on YouTube see the two playlists:
Healthcare Modeling Q&A and Healthcare IT Live!
We are also on Google+ at:
Though the reference model does have a small amount of healthcare semantics (in the Entry children) it can be easily used in any industry.
Any questions, please feel free to ask.
We do have a (not open source) tool to generate CCDs. There is an open source tool on GitHub, that is partially finished just waiting on developers.